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This paper introduces a new measure of tariff evasion through rerouting and applies it to the 2018 U.S.–China trade war, focusing on Vietnam as a transit country. Countries worldwide are increasingly turning to protectionist trade policies, including origin-specific tariffs. Perhaps the preeminent example of this trend is the 2018 US–China trade war, which consisted of multiple waves of US tariffs […]
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It is all too easy to conclude that the Trump April 2 tariffs plan mark the beginning of a new era for international trade policy, a departure and new course from all than went before. How does this all end? Where are the brakes on conduct that on its face clearly does not conform with the rules? This is more […]
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This new study explores how the East Coast of South America connects to global markets. With key insights on accessibility and maritime services, researchers identify both opportunities and obstacles for the region’s integration into international trade networks. Maritime connectivity on the East Coast of South America (ECSA) is shaped by an evolving interplay of trade demands, efficiency and policy frameworks. […]
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Without strong cost-bridging mechanisms like GHG pricing, contracts-for-difference, or targeted subsidies, we risk missing the 2030 targets under FuelEU Maritime and the IMO Net Zero Framework. The latest World Shipping Council report makes one thing clear: green marine fuels could cost up to 6 times more expensive than traditional options. It isn’t just a fuel issue – it’s about infrastructure, […]
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This report provides a comprehensive assessment of global shipping emissions from 2016 to 2023, highlighting both progress and ongoing challenges in the sector’s efforts to decarbonize. While shipping’s share of global anthropogenic CO2e100 emissions has remained stable at approximately 1.7% (or 2.3% of global anthropogenic CO2), total tank-to-wake GHG emissions have continued to grow, increasing by 12% over the study […]
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Ocean freight rates expected to increase in May and June mainly due to early peak-season to Europe expected due to ongoing routing around South Africa. Status of US tariffs involves ongoing changes. Effective March 4, the US has imposed 20% tariff on CN goods, 25% tariff on MX-origin goods, and 10% tariff on CA-origin energy goods (25% on all other […]
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This quarter has brought significant developments across all major sectors of global shipping – tankers, dry bulk, containers, and LNG/LPG—driven by geopolitical shifts, regulatory uncertainty, and evolving trade dynamics. Amid these changes, a key feature of this edition is the newly introduced Sustainability Section, reflecting the accelerating transition of the maritime industry toward decarbonization. Alternative fuels, energy-efficient technologies, and data-driven […]
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This note provides updates on the evolution of border process up to 2024. It shows progress on trade facilitation – through more efficient border processes – is occurring since 2022 in all regions as countries seek to ensure that global supply chains remain efficient, adaptable, and responsive to evolving patterns of trade. New OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators (TFIs) data highlight […]
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Electrofuels (also referred as e-fuels or synthetic fuels made from green hydrogen) currently under development are a promising solution to reach the decarbonisation ambitions of the maritime sector provided they deliver real and significant greenhouse gas (GHG) savings. A comprehensive well-to-wake assessment of conservative pathways for marine electrofuels was conducted to evaluate the GHG emission intensities of these fuels according […]
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