Asia-Pacific maritime trade remains the backbone of global flows
December 4, 2025
The paper concludes that introducing greenhouse gas mitigation measures, such as carbon prices applied to bunker fuels in the range of 10 to 50 USD/ton of carbon dioxide, might increase maritime transport costs by 0.4 percent to 16 percent. Source: Ronald A. Halim, Tristan Smith, Dominik Englert
