An analysis of the maximum technical abatement potential. This report concludes that it is technically possible to reduce shipping emissions by 28-47% by 2030, relative to 2008, under certain assumptions (outlined in this report). This amounts to approximately 175–350 Mt CO2e on a WtW basis per annum, depending on the BAU emissions in 2030. When introduced gradually from 2025, the measures could avoid cumulative emissions of 500–1,000 Mt CO2e. About half of the emission reductions result from lower speeds and other operational measures, a quarter from wind-assisted propulsion and other technical measures and another quarter from using zero and near-zero-GHG […]