Asia-Pacific maritime trade remains the backbone of global flows
December 4, 2025
Shipping decarbonisation is entering a new phase as the IMO Net Zero Framework (NZF) and the Greenhouse Gas Fuel Intensity (GFI) rules begin reshaping fuel economics, operational choices and cargo exposure across global trade. Although the GFI trajectory is more aggressive than FuelEU Maritime, its penalty structure is weaker, meaning that major fuel switching is unlikely in the near term. […]
